A linear and regularized ODF estimation algorithm to recover multiple fibers in Q-Ball imaging

نویسندگان

  • Maxime Descoteaux
  • Shaun Fitzgibbons
  • Rachid Deriche
  • Elaine Angelino
چکیده

Due the well-known limitations of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), high angular resolution diffusion imaging is currently of great interest to characterize voxels containing multiple fiber crossings. In particular, Q-ball imaging (QBI) is now a popular reconstruction method to obtain the orientation distribution function (ODF) of these multiple fiber distributions. The latter captures all important angular contrast by expressing the probability that a water molecule will diffuse into any given solid angle. However, QBI and other high order spin displacement estimation methods involve non-trivial numerical computations and lack a straightforward regularization process. In this paper, we propose a simple linear and regularized analytic solution for the Q-ball reconstruction of the ODF. First, the signal is modeled with a physically meaningful high order spherical harmonic series by incorporating the Laplace-Beltrami operator in the solution. This leads to an elegant mathematical simplification of the Funk-Radon transform using the Funk-Hecke formula. In doing so, we obtain a fast and robust model-free ODF approximation. We validate the accuracy of the ODF estimation quantitatively using the multi-tensor synthetic model where the exact ODF can be computed. We also demonstrate that the estimated ODF can recover known multiple fiber regions in a biological phantom and in the human brain. Another important contribution of the paper is the development of ODF sharpening methods. We show that sharpening the measured ODF enhances each underlying fiber compartment and considerably improves the extraction of fibers. The proposed techniques are simple linear transformations of the ODF and can easily be computed using our spherical harmonics machinery. Key-words: Q-ball imaging, orientation distribution function (ODF), spherical harmonics, funkradon transform, funk-hecke formula ∗ [email protected][email protected][email protected] § [email protected] Estimation linéaire et régularisation de l’ODF pour la détection de croisements de fibres en imagerie par Q-ball Résumé : Contrairement au tenseur de diffusion classique (DTI), l’IRM de diffusion à haute résolution angulaire permet de décrire les croisements de faisceaux de fibres au sein de la matière blanche. La reconstruction de la function de distribution d’orientations des fibres (ODF) par Q-ball est une technique largement répandue dans l’étude de ces croisements dans un cadre de segmentation ou de tractographie. L’ODF nous renseigne sur la distribution de probabilité des directions de diffusion des molécules d’eau présentes dans la matière blanche. Cependant, cette méthode ainsi que les autres techniques d’estimation à haute résolution angulaire sont basées sur des solutions numériques complexes et sans aucun processus de régularisation. Dans ce rapport, nous proposons une solution linéaire et régularisée pour l’estimation de l’ODF à partir de l’imagerie par Q-ball. Nous approximons d’abord le signal par une série d’harmoniques sphériques lissée grâce à l’opérateur Laplace-Beltrami. Cette formulation nous permet de dériver une simplification élégante de la transformée de Funk-Radon en utilisant le théorême de Funk-Hecke. Nous obtenons alors un algorithme robuste et rapide pour l’estimation de l’ODF. L’efficacité et la précision de l’approximation sont évaluées sur des données synthétiques et réelles. Nous faisons varier les paramètres importants dans la formation de l’image et observons les différentes répercussions sur la forme des ODFs. Enfin, nous démontrons que le “sharpening” des ODFs (rehaussement des maxima) améliore considérablement l’extraction des directions des multiples fibres sousjacentes. Mots-clés : Imagerie par Q-ball, function de distribution d’orientations (ODF), harmoniques sphériques, transformée de funk-radon, formule de funk-hecke ODF Estimation and Sharpening 3

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تاریخ انتشار 2005